To commemorate the countless men, women, and children of all faiths, peoples or races, who have become the victims of fascism and belief in the rule communism inexorably transforming the destiny of history. Introductory
Readers ninth book in her hand [1] of the bookcase SOS2, Roll The misery of Historicism of Karl Popper, the philosopher most famous 20th century study of scientific methodology . Logik der Forschung Gone [Logic Research] first published in 1934 and translated into English under the title Logic of Scientific Discovery has had a strong influence on the scientific method of the natural sciences. This book also originate from the 1930s and was first published in the 1944, 1945.
Believe in destiny big lake mn doctrine and believe history can predict the unfolding of history, and on this basis, can change society as a whole to conform big lake mn with this rule, which he called as historicism big lake mn (historicism). Before criticizing historicism, in the first two chapters, he describes the history of theory, and only then, in the last two chapters, he was critical of it. That is, in the first two chapters, he goes strictly described what he would attack in the final two chapters. This approach points or: his Critique will be very tight, it is clear that criticizing something; not as much criticism that we often encounter, not stated explicitly criticized what it wants, it can easily big lake mn lead to confusion. However, it also has disadvantages: Will be able to have people believe that he is actually criticizing is not real, but only because he created. The final judgment is yours to read.
His dedication may shock some readers Vietnam, and perhaps precisely because of it and because of the content of this essay that in Vietnam (and the socialist countries in the past), this work Popper of being obscure. However, read carefully, we will know a lot of problems, but so far we do not know or are not allowed to know, and can help us with the appropriate method of implementing social reform, a job must be carried out continuously, in a way gradually, slowly, piecemeal. We can look back at his past, the socialist countries, can learn from the mistakes, try to do and certainly will face another mistake, discovered new mistakes, correct them and to try again. That is the approach to try-and-error, scientific approach effectively not only in the natural sciences and in the social sciences.
The book may be useful for scholars, big lake mn policy makers, and all those who are interested in the methodological problems of the social sciences. Translations make lacking, hope you read sympathize, forgive, and direction; please contact the following address Computing Magazine and Life, 54 Hoang Ngoc Phach Hanoi [25 / B7 Nam Thanh Cong], or by e-mail or nqa@netnam.vn thds@hn.vnn.vn
Basic thesis of this book - is the belief in historical destiny is only superstition, and that can not have any predictions on the evolution of human history in the scientific method and rational What else - traced to winter 1919-1920. General outline was completed big lake mn in 1935; it is presented for the first time, in January or February 1936, as an article entitled "The misery of neo History", in a private session at the home of my friend, Alfred Braunthal in Brussels. At this meeting, a former student of mine had some important contributions to the discussion. It was Dr. Karl Hilferding, soon fell victim of the Gestapo and the superstitions big lake mn of the Empire Tuesday. Has also been a number of other philosophers. big lake mn Not long after, I presented a similar post in the Seminar of Professor Hayek, at the London School of Economics. The announcement was delayed several years because the manuscript that I submitted was philosophical big lake mn journals refused. It was published for the first time, three part, in Economica, NS, vol. XI no. 42 and 43, 1944, and vol. XII, no. 46, 1945. Since then, an Italian translation (Milano, 1954) and a French translation (Paris, 1956) was published in book form. The text of this edition was to check back, and with a few additions.
I have tried to prove, in the misery of Historicism, saying Historicism is a bad method - a method no avail. But I did not really break the historicism.
Arguments contained in an article, "Theory of Uncertainty in classical physics and quantum physics," which I published in 1950. But I was no longer satisfied with this article. big lake mn A more satisfying research can be found in a chapter on the uncertainty theory, part of P.S. After Twenty Years (Postscript: After Twenty Years) for the book Logic of scientific discovery (Logic of Scientific Discovery) my .
To inform readers about new results than this, I intend, in a few words, making big lake mn sketches of historicism denies this. Arguments can be summarized in five
